Which condition describes inflammation of the gallbladder wall leading to decreased gallbladder function?

Acute cholecystitis is characterized by the inflammation of the gallbladder wall, which is often caused by the obstruction of the cystic duct, typically by gallstones. This obstruction leads to increased pressure within the gallbladder, resulting in ischemia and inflammation. As a result, the normal functions of the gallbladder, such as bile storage and concentration, are compromised. Symptoms often include right upper quadrant pain, fever, and leukocytosis, which reflect the inflammatory process.

In contrast, adenomas are benign tumors of the gallbladder that do not specifically indicate inflammation or decreased function. Caroli’s disease is a congenital condition affecting the bile ducts and is characterized by their dilatation rather than gallbladder inflammation. Gangrene of the gallbladder may occur as a complication of acute cholecystitis in severe cases, but it represents a later stage of the disease rather than the primary condition itself. Therefore, acute cholecystitis is the correct condition that describes the inflammation of the gallbladder wall leading to decreased gallbladder function.