What is the term for the abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneum?

Ascites refers specifically to the abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity, which can occur for a variety of reasons, including liver disease, heart failure, malignancy, and infection. It is a clinical condition characterized by abdominal distension and may be diagnosed through physical examination, ultrasound, or other imaging techniques.

The accumulation of fluid in the peritoneum can lead to several complications, including abdominal discomfort and impaired respiratory function due to pressure on the diaphragm. The management of ascites often involves treating the underlying cause, dietary changes, diuretics, or more invasive procedures such as therapeutic paracentesis.

Other terms in the choices refer to different conditions: Hydrocele is primarily a fluid-filled sac around the testicle, typically not associated with the peritoneal cavity. Hemorrhage refers to bleeding, which is not the same as fluid accumulation specifically within the peritoneum. Edema indicates swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the body’s tissues but does not specify the peritoneal area. Therefore, the terminology is critical for understanding the nature and location of fluid accumulation.