What condition is characterized by adrenal insufficiency due to atrophy of the adrenal cortex with decreased cortisol and aldosterone?

Addison's Disease is characterized by adrenal insufficiency which results from the atrophy or destruction of the adrenal cortex. This leads to a significant decrease in the production of key hormones, predominantly cortisol and aldosterone.

Cortisol is crucial for stress response, glucose metabolism, immune response, and maintaining blood pressure, while aldosterone helps regulate sodium and potassium balance and fluid volume in the body. The lack of these hormones in Addison's Disease results in symptoms such as fatigue, muscle weakness, weight loss, low blood pressure, and hyperpigmentation of the skin.

The condition can be caused by autoimmune processes, infections, or other factors that damage the adrenal glands. Understanding the underlying hormonal deficiencies and their systemic implications is essential for managing and diagnosing adrenal insufficiency effectively.