What are the three types of cells found in the islets of Langerhans?

The three types of cells found in the islets of Langerhans are primarily the alpha, beta, and delta cells. Each of these cell types has distinct functions that are crucial for maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body.

Alpha cells are responsible for producing glucagon, a hormone that raises blood glucose levels by promoting the release of glucose from the liver into the bloodstream. This action is essential during fasting or low blood sugar states to prevent hypoglycemia.

Beta cells, which are the most numerous in the islets, produce insulin, the hormone that lowers blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose by tissues, particularly muscle and fat cells. Insulin is critical for regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body.

Delta cells produce somatostatin, a regulatory hormone that functions to inhibit the secretion of both glucagon and insulin. This helps to balance the actions of the alpha and beta cells, ensuring that blood sugar levels remain stable.

The other options do not accurately represent the correct types of cells found in the islets of Langerhans. For example, gamma and theta cells are not recognized as specific types of cells in this context, while epsilon cells, although they produce ghrelin, are less common in the islet structure